Nanowires of ZnO crystals were successfully prepared with the assistance of potassium chloride.The results of XRD and IR analyses show that the prepared crystals had a pure ZnO crystal structure ; SEM images showed that the prepared ZnO crystals exhibited a one-dimensional growing linear structure with a straight and smooth surface without bifurcation phenomenon , which demonstrated an excellent crystallinity. Meanwhile , the results of particle size analysis showed that the radial size of the obtained ZnO crystals gradually decreased with the increase of KCl addition ,and the axial diameter ratio gradually increased.This is mainly due to the fact that the addition of KCl caused the chloride ions to adsorb on the crystal surface of Zn0 crystals ( 002), which helped them to achieve anisotropic crystal growth.

Objective:To optimize the extraction process of three effectiveconstituents from Dictamnus dasycapus Turcz and evaluate their antioxidant activity. Method : Ethanol concentration , liquid-to-soilid ratio .extraction time , and extraction frequency were used as single factors , and the extraction process was studied using response surface methodology , with the content of Dictamnine , Fraxinellone ,and Obacunone as evaluation indicators,Evaluating antioxidant activity of extracts in vitro based on the scavenging ability of DPPH and ABTS free radicals.Result: The optimal extraction process conditions were liquid-to-soilid ratio of 15 : 1 ( ml/g)extraction time of 1.5 hours, ethanol concentration of 70%, extraction frequency of 1 time. and extraction temperature of 80 ℃ .The yield of Bai Xian alkaloid, Fen ketone ,and Huang Bai ketone were 0.025%,0.083%and 0. 113%; The IC₅₀, values for DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging were 2.42 and 0.72 mg/ml.respectively.Conclusion.Three effective constituents were extracted simultaneously in this process and extract has good antioxidant activity, providing a reference basis for the rational development and later in-depth research of Dictamnus dasycapus Turcz.

The aim was to investigate the transformation of drug components in Longdan Xiegan Decoction in liver microsomal metabolism model in vitro. Firstly, Gentiana manshurica Kitag, Bupleurum chinense DC, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch, Alisma orientale, Plantago asiatica L, Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, Aristolochia manshuriensis Kom and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch were used to prepare the decoction, and the decoction was prepared by decocting, cooling, decocting, concentrating and vacuum drying. Secondly, liver microsomes were prepared from rat liver tissues, including liver lavage, centrifugation, filtration and precipitation, and finally liver microsomal enzymes containing 20% glycerol were obtained. Then, an in vitro liver microsomal enzyme incubation system was constructed, and microsomal protein, NADPH, magnesium chloride and substrate were added into the reaction system of 150 μL. Sampling operations were performed at different time nodes, and the samples were analyzed by HPLC and MS, respectively. HPLC results showed that with the extension of incubation time, some drug components were transformed and new metabolites may be formed. Gentiopicroside, geniposide, geniposide acid, baicalin, saikosaponin A and saikosaponin D were identified by MS analysis, and the possible metabolic pathway of baicalin was speculated. In summary, this study established in vitro liver microsomal metabolic model, combined with HPLC - MS technology, preliminatively simulated and studied the metabolic process of liver microsomes in Longdan Xiegan Decoction, and provided a reference for further exploration of its pharmacodynamic mechanism.

With the highly integrated and diversified development of electronic components, dielectric ceramic capacitors have attracted wide attention due to their high power density, low cost, and high temperature resistance. In this work, we used a conventional solid-phase reaction to prepare (1 - x)(0.75Bi?.?Na?.?TiO? - 0.25Ba?.??Ca?.??Zr?.?Ti?.?O?) - xSrTiO? (abbreviated as 0.75BNT - 0.25BCZT - ST?, x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20) lead-free energy storage ceramics to investigate the effect of SrTiO? (ST) doping on the crystal structure and energy storage properties of BNT - BCZT ceramics. The ceramic samples were sintered at a temperature of 1200 ℃ with a single-phase perovskite structure. The ST doping has a significant effect on the microstructure and relaxation properties of the BNT - BCZT ceramics, and the main reason for inducing ferroelectric - to - relaxed ferroelectric phase transition of the ceramics was the formation of polar nanoregions (PNRs). The high releasable energy density W_rec of 3.849 J/cm3 and energy storage efficiency η of 74.74% were obtained for x = 0.15 samples at the electric field strength of 380 kV/cm, the good energy storage performance indicates that this material has a promising application in the field of energy storage capacitors.

In order to solve the problem that microbial fuel cell system has a long response time at start-upstage and is vulnerable to external time-varying interference in uncertain environment, an adaptive nonlinear controller based on resilience compensation was designed. In this paper, under the framework of adaptive control, Pade technology was used to derive a favorable polynomial function to compensate the delay of the system startup stage , and fuzzy control approaches the uncertainties and unknown disturbances of the system model,so as to realize the resilience compensation of the system under uncertain environment.The stability ofthe system was verified by constructing Lyapunov function.The simulation results showed that the adaptive fuzzy controller with resilience compensation has faster dynamic response and stronger robustness. It provides an effective basis for the application of microbial fuel cells.

With the widespread application of industrial robots, machine vision is also developing rapidly in the industrial field, and compared with traditional manual assembly, the sorting of industrial parts based on deep learning has obvious advantages in terms of efficiency and stability. This paper proposed to improve the YOLOv8 industrial parts detection algorithm, firstly, the attention mechanism model (ResBlock_CBAM) was introduced on the basis of the original model, and the ability of the model to extract key features was improved by combining the residual module (ResBlock) and the attention module (CBAM). Secondly, an efficient Multi-scale Feature Fusion Network (BiFPN) was introduced, which can better integrate features of different scales and improve the detection ability of the model for multi-scale targets. Finally, the Inner-CIoU loss function was improved to improve the generalization ability and convergence performance of the model. The YOLOv8s model was tested on a self-made dataset, and the average accuracy of the test results reached 79.5%, which was 2.1% higher than that of the original model.

A control method for piezoelectric ceramic fine adjustment leveling platform was proposed to address the leveling issue during the measurement process of the Wolter-I type optical spindle. A mathematical model was established for the non-horizontal state, and data on the tilts of three edges—two longitudinal and one transverse were collected to determine the highest point. An automatic leveling method was proposed, combining the angle error method and the highest point tracking method. Comparative experiments were conducted between feed forward compensation control based on a hysteresis inverse model and composite control based on fuzzy PID feedback control and feed forward control, targeting errors caused by the hysteresis characteristic of piezoelectric ceramics and external disturbances. The experiments showed that the displacement control accuracy of the composite control was 72% higher compared to single feed forward control. In the leveling simulation experiments, the composite control was applied to the micro-leveling system. The results showed that the leveling resolution can reach 0.000 1°, and the error between the actual angle and the ideal angle is less than 0.000 1°.

In view of the shortcomings of a water purification plant in terms of water treatment eliciency and drinking water quality, the production process and control process of the ultrafiltration system were studied , the ultrafiltration automatic control system was designed by using $7-300PLC ,and the upper computer screen was designed by using WinCC configuration software , so as to realize the automatic control of the production process of the water purification plant, effectively reduce the labor intensity of workers, and improve the production efficiency and drinking water quality of the water purification plant.

The cracking reaction process is the key to the production of ethylene and plays a leading role Aiming at the problem of temperature balance control of multiple branch pipes during ethylene cracking process , a temperature balance control scheme based on differential average algorithm was presented.The multi.variable , strongly coupled complex temperature control problem was transformed into a constrained multi.distributed loop differential control problem,The dynamic simulation experiment of the mathematical model of the control system was carried out by MATLAB/Simulink platorm.The results show that the improved control algorithm can better complete the consistent temperature balance control of multiple branch pipes , it is convenient to realize , and has a certain reference value for the practical application of engineering.

With the development of industrial automation and network technology, monitoring and data collection of alcohol production have become particularly important. Due to the inconsistent communication protocols of production equipment, data integration and full process monitoring face challenges. OPC technology provides a unified solution for data exchange between devices through OLE/DCOM technology. A detailed introduction to the specific implementation method of using KEPServerEX as an OPC server for data exchange with Siemens S7 - 1200 PLC, and real - time collection and storage of PLC data to MySQL database were provided in this study. At the same time, the use of the KingSCADA system visualizes the collected data, providing a data foundation for real - time monitoring and management of the entire alcohol production process. The application of technology helps to improve production efficiency and product quality, ensuring the stability and reliability of the production process.

To explore the application potential of Math studio in processing analytical chemistry experiment data and address the issues of time-consuming, inefficient, and error-prone traditional data processing methods, this paper systematically illustrated the robust capabilities of Math studio. Through five specific experimental cases, it demonstrated its functionality in data input, calculation, output, solving high-order equations, single/multiple curve plotting, curve fitting, and image information mining. The research findings indicated that Math studio's processing outcomes are highly consistent with those of professional computer-based software. Moreover, its mobile application exhibits significant advantages, enabling efficient support for data processing needs anytime and anywhere. This tool not only enhances students' comprehensive practical abilities but also offers novel approaches and tools for the advancement of teaching informatization.

In order to study the influence of baffle structure on the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), an inclined rectangular baffle with a certain thickness was introduced into the flow channel, and a three-dimensional non-isothermal steady-state model was established by using the multi-physics coupling software COMSOL. The effects of baffle inclination angle and number on PEMFC gas flow rate, flow channel pressure drop, net power, reaction gas distribution and liquid water saturation were studied. The results showed that the pressure drop of the flow channel is closely related to the vortex formed on the leeward side of the baffle. After considering the pumping power caused by the pressure loss, the net power output of PEMFC is optimal when the inclination angle of the flow field baffle is 15° and the number of baffles is 7.

Al_xCrFeNi high entropy alloy was prepared by vacuum melting.The microstructure of Al_xCrFeNalloy was studied by optical microscope, X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope, and the hardness and compression tests were carried out.The results showed that Al_xCrFeNi( x = 0.7、1.0、1.3 、1.6 )high-entropy alloys were all composed of FCC and BCC phases. With the increased of aluminum content . the BCC phase content increased , and the alloy hardness increased accordingly.In addition , the ultimate strength and engineering strain of the alloy showed a significant increase trend with the increase of Al content in the compression experiment.

The humidity regulation process of the spray humidification system exhibits non-linear and hysteresis characteristics, leading to significant overshoot, poor stability, and weak anti-interference capabilities in traditional control methods and PID controllers. To address these issues, a fuzzy immune PID control scheme was proposed to optimize the control performance of the humidification system. Simulations of the algorithm were conducted using Simulink software, and the results indicate that compared to conventional PID control algorithms and fuzzy PID control algorithms, the system using the fuzzy immune PID control algorithm achieved a reduction in overshoot by 5% and 3.7%, respectively, while the adjustment time was shortened by 41.9 seconds and 19.7 seconds, respectively, and the rise time was decreased by 13% and 5.5%. Furthermore, even with a 10% random disturbance introduced, the system was still able to quickly return to a stable state, effectively enhancing the control performance of the system.

By combining trace element modification technology with sub rapid solidification technology , the aspect ratio of eutectic Mg₂Si was reduced in Al-12Mg₂Si alloy modified with Sb.The morphology of eutectic Mg₂Si changed from coarse Chinese script to fine small-worm. Meanwhile, under sub rapid solidification conditions, the particle size of eutectic Mg₂Si is decreased significantly.The tensile performance test of the sample revealed that the mechanical properties of the sample prepared by combining sub rapid solidification technology with trace element modification were higher.The ultimate tensile strength was increased to 235 MPa and the fracture elongation increased to about 5%.A higher cooling rate can significantly refine the particle sizeof eutectic Mg₂Si. Moreover , uniformly distributed modifier atoms can fully adsorb on various crystal planes of eutecticMg₂Si,which leads to a decrease in the aspect ratio of eutectic Mg,Si particles.