This article analyzes the possibility of constructing the portrait of online learners with xAPI. Based on xAPI standard, it designs the online learners’ portrait frame from the following five aspects: data collecting, data storing, data analyzing, portrait generating, and individual recommendation, which constructa model for online learners’ collective portrait as well as personal portrait. This article aims at providing individual help for online learners, supplying reasonable basis for teachers’ organizing the curriculum, and offering decisive supports for education administrators.