Systematic teaching of information retrieval courses plays an important role in optimizing college students' information retrieval behavior and improving the efficiency of information retrieval. Based on a series of relevant data formed by the questionnaire survey, this paper discusses the problems existing in college students' information retrieval behavior, and finally puts forward countermeasures to optimize college students' information retrieval under the background of curriculum teaching: clarifying the purpose of information retrieval and improving the implementation effect; Effectively improve the retrieval frequency and enhance the comprehensive quality; Information acquisition has developed in multiple ways, with outstanding results in optimization.