Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) exists widely in human body and controls the processes in various physiological organisms. At present, it has been widely used in clinical, biological, medical and other fields. As a key biomarker of many diseases and a major tool of enzyme experiments, the classical ALP analysis methods cannot meet the new requirements of sensitivity, accuracy, anti-interference and wide range of targeted sample types. In order to better study ALP detection technology, this paper describes a variety of extraction and detection methods, including the latest ALP detection technology at home and abroad. At the same time, we summarize and compare the main advantages and disadvantages of these studies. At the same time, the future development prospects and trends are discussed, hoping to provide some inspiration for future work.