To address optical interference and safety hazards caused by rain and fog adhesion on glass surfaces, this study successfully prepared a nanocomposite spray with efficient anti-rain and anti-fog performance through a two-step modification process. Using nano-SiO? as the substrate, surface graft modification was first performed with 3-isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane (IPTS), followed by secondary modification with 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane (PFDTMS) to construct a low surface energy micro-nano structure. The IPTS modification temperature, IPTS mass percentage, PFDTMS addition amount, and modification time were optimized through orthogonal experiments. Under the optimal process conditions determined as follows: IPTS modification temperature of 50°C, IPTS mass percentage of 7%, PFDTMS addition amount of 1.5g, and PFDTMS modification time of 5h, the contact angle of the coating after curing on the glass surface reached 162.041°. After diluting the anti-rain and anti-fog spray stock solution by 2.3 times, the contact angle still maintained a superhydrophobic effect of 148.889°. Simulation experiments verified that the hydrophobic coating exhibits excellent waterproof and anti-fog properties. This research provides a promising solution for the development of high-performance anti-rain and anti-fog materials, with potential applications in automotive, architectural, and photovoltaic glass fields.