Abstract: To improve the heat dissipation efficiency of power batteries under high-power operating conditions and ensure their safety and service life, this paper conducts optimization and simulation research on the heat dissipation structure of liquid cooling plates. Firstly, based on the thermal characteristics of a typical battery module, three-dimensional models of various liquid cooling plate flow channel structures (including traditional serpentine and labyrinthine structures) are established, with all structures adopting a unified parameter design. CFD simulation is used for numerical modeling, where the ambient temperature is set to 25°C, the inlet flow velocity is 0.5 m/s, and the outlet is configured as a pressure outlet with 0 Pa. The heat transfer forms are specified: natural convection between the battery pack and the environment with a constant heat transfer coefficient of 5 W/(m2·K), and heat conduction between the liquid cooling plate and the battery. Meanwhile, the contact surfaces between the cooling liquid and the liquid cooling plate, as well as between the liquid cooling plate and the battery, are set as fluid-solid coupling contact heat transfer surfaces. Secondly, the core performances of different flow channel structures in terms of temperature distribution, maximum temperature difference, and flow velocity distribution are analyzed emphatically. The simulation results show that the labyrinthine flow channel exhibits significant advantages: the maximum battery temperature is 27.73°C, which is 0.30°C lower than the 28.03°C of the serpentine structure; the maximum temperature of the liquid cooling plate is 25.23°C, 0.11°C lower than the 25.34°C of the serpentine structure, with a along-path temperature difference of only 0.23°C and a gentler temperature gradient. The average flow velocity of the cooling liquid in the labyrinthine flow channel remains 0.50 m/s, with uniform flow velocity distribution and enhanced turbulent disturbance, eliminating local low-velocity zones. It performs optimally in balancing heat dissipation uniformity, flow resistance, and heat-mass transfer efficiency, providing accurate theoretical basis and technical support for the efficient design of power battery thermal management systems.
张可义, 吕雪飞, 甘树坤. 动力电池液冷散热流道优化设计及仿真[J]. 吉林化工学院学报, 2025, 42(9): 54-59.
ZHANG Keyi, LV Xuefei, GAN Shukun. Optimized Design and Simulation of Liquid Cooling Heat Dissipation Runner for Power Battery. Journal of Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, 2025, 42(9): 54-59.
