The establishment of modern states of China and Japan is naturally related to many factors such as different political systems, social environment and economic conditions of the two countries. While the "translation" of western documents in the Meiji restoration period of Japan led to the collapse of Japanese traditional writing styles, and the new "national language" formed by the movement of "consistency of speaking and writing" had a significant impact on the state construction in modern Japan. In contrast, the " translation in the Late Qing Dynasty" activities of the intellectuals in modern China, although greatly influenced by the " translation in Meiji period", showed a different way of accepting western values and a different way of dealing with eastern civilization from that of modern Japan.