At present, large tow carbon fiber wound breathing cylinders are becoming more and more popular. Due to the advantages of light weight and high strength of carbon fiber, the breathing cylinders make of carbon fiber composite materials are lightweight and durable, which support them can completely replace the cylinders make of metal tanks. However, the internal and external environment of the cylinder is often complicated, so higher requirements are put forward for the performance of the large tow carbon fiber wound breathing cylinder. Especially for the mechanical properties, toughness and heat and moisture resistance of the resin matrix which determines the overall performance of the cylinder. Therefore, this work summarizes and analyses the infiltration and curing mechanism of the current commonly used resins for breathing cylinders. Our study would help to provide ideas for the development of domestic resins for breathing cylinders wrapped with large tow carbon fibers.