The biochar was prepared by using peanut shell as raw materials.  The surface pattern and pore structure of peanut shell biochar were characterized and the adsorption property for Pb(II) from water onto peanut shell biochar was studied. The results indicated that the adsorption of Pb(II) on peanut shell biochar reached equilibrium within 120 min, which accorded the second-order kinetic model. The adsorption data can be fitted by Langmuir model and the maximum adsorption capacity is 68.22 mg·g^-1. The thermodynamics results showed that chemical adsorption was predominant in the adsorption process and increasing temperature is beneficial to the adsorption.