With the development of information technology, digital images have become a way to convey information. At the same time, the problem of cyberspace security and confidentiality has also become an increasingly serious problem, in order to better understand the development process of image encryption in China, this paper uses CiteSpace software to retrieve the data in CNKI database, and conducts literature source analysis, author association analysis and keyword map analysis on 222 documents on image encryption technology from 2002 to 2022 and studies the role of image encryption in domestic cyberspace security, which provides effective scientific research and analysis data for the future research and development of image encryption.