In recent years, membrane technology has continuously penetrated into various fields and is more and more widely used. The membrane with single component can no longer meet the needs of various fields, especially in special fields such as aerospace, military and national defense. The performance standard of the applied membrane is higher. By compounding more than two components, the membrane functions are complementary and optimized, It is an inevitable trend to prepare composite membranes with excellent properties. In this work, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was mixed with SiO2 nanoparticles and nano cellulose (CNF) to prepare nanocomposite films with good heat resistance and mechanical strength. The composite membrane can be deeply studied and applied in material separation, biosensor and so on.