In the process of coal mining, hydraulic support is used as a supporting equipment for coal mining, and its strength performance determines the safety index of coal mining. Previous studies have shown that the stress of hydraulic support mainly concentrates on the column nest, and the magnitude of stress is related to the structure of the column, under this premise, the column structure of QY200 hydraulic support is optimized. On the premise of not changing the diameter of the column socket, the structural size of the column is optimized. The orthogonal test design method is adopted to optimize the test, and the overall stress of the hydraulic support is near the minimum as the optimization objective. The optimization results show that the maximum equivalent stress of hydraulic support increases with the increase of the length of live column. In order to ensure that the hydraulic support can work stably, the smaller of the column length is, the larger the outer diameter and the length of the cylinder will be.  The optimization method could reduce the number of tests and improve the design efficiency.